Editing Introduction to a Self Managed Life: a 13 hour & 28 minute presentation by FUTO software (section)

== Step 3: Identify Your Hard Drives in Ubuntu Server ==

<span id="quick-commands-to-list-drives"></span>
=== Quick Commands to List Drives ===

<span id="list-basic-drive-info"></span>
==== 3.1 List Basic Drive Info ====

<pre>lsblk</pre>
Example output:

<pre>louis@happycloud:~$ lsblk
NAME                             MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINTS
sda                                8:0    0 232.9G  0 disk  
├─sda1                             8:1    0   512M  0 part  
├─sda2                             8:2    0     1G  0 part  
│ └─md127                          9:127  0  1022M  0 raid1 /boot
└─sda3                             8:3    0 231.4G  0 part  
  └─md126                          9:126  0 231.3G  0 raid1 
    └─dm_crypt-0                 252:0    0 231.2G  0 crypt 
      └─ubuntuinstall-ubunturoot 252:1    0 231.2G  0 lvm   /
sdb                                8:16   0   7.3T  0 disk  
sdc                                8:32   0 232.9G  0 disk  
├─sdc1                             8:33   0   512M  0 part  /boot/efi
├─sdc2                             8:34   0     1G  0 part  
│ └─md127                          9:127  0  1022M  0 raid1 /boot
└─sdc3                             8:35   0 231.4G  0 part  
  └─md126                          9:126  0 231.3G  0 raid1 
    └─dm_crypt-0                 252:0    0 231.2G  0 crypt 
      └─ubuntuinstall-ubunturoot 252:1    0 231.2G  0 lvm   /
sdd                                8:48   0   7.3T  0 disk  
sde                                8:64   0   7.3T  0 disk  
sdf                                8:80   0   7.3T  0 disk  
sdg                                8:96   0   7.3T  0 disk  
sdh                                8:112  0   7.3T  0 disk  </pre>
<span id="show-more-detailed-info-including-serial-numbers"></span>
==== 3.2 Show More Detailed Info (including serial numbers) ====

<pre>lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,MODEL,SERIAL</pre>
Example output:

<pre>louis@happycloud:~$ lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,MODEL,SERIAL
NAME                               SIZE MODEL            SERIAL
sda                              232.9G Samsung SSD 870  S61VNJ0R413909T
├─sda1                             512M                  
├─sda2                               1G                  
│ └─md127                         1022M                  
└─sda3                           231.4G                  
  └─md126                        231.3G                  
    └─dm_crypt-0                 231.2G                  
      └─ubuntuinstall-ubunturoot 231.2G                  
sdb                                7.3T ST8000VN004-2M21 WSD5720G
sdc                              232.9G Samsung SSD 870  S61VNG0NC09403N
├─sdc1                             512M                  
├─sdc2                               1G                  
│ └─md127                         1022M                  
└─sdc3                           231.4G                  
  └─md126                        231.3G                  
    └─dm_crypt-0                 231.2G                  
      └─ubuntuinstall-ubunturoot 231.2G                  
sdd                                7.3T ST8000VN004-2M21 WSD5725W
sde                                7.3T WDC WD80EFZX-68U VKJ28YJX
sdf                                7.3T WDC WD80EFZX-68U VKJ02D0X
sdg                                7.3T WDC WD80EFZX-68U VKHZVJ7X
sdh                                7.3T WDC WD80EFZX-68U VKJ1N8KX
louis@happycloud:~$ 
</pre>
<span id="check-drive-health-and-additional-info"></span>
==== 3.3 Check Drive Health and Additional Info ====

<pre>louis@happycloud:~$ sudo smartctl -i /dev/sdd
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.8.0-47-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Seagate IronWolf
Device Model:     ST8000VN004-2M2101
Serial Number:    WSD5725W
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0e3407989
Firmware Version: SC60
User Capacity:    8,001,563,222,016 bytes [8.00 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    7200 rpm
Form Factor:      3.5 inches
Device is:        In smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is:   ACS-4 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.3, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Wed Oct 23 21:10:14 2024 UTC
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

louis@happycloud:~$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdd | grep -E 'Command_Timeout|Error_Rate';     echo &quot;&quot;; 
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000f   074   064   044    Pre-fail  Always       -       26263737
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000f   089   060   045    Pre-fail  Always       -       766811756
188 Command_Timeout         0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0</pre>
<blockquote>'''HINT''': Write down the serial numbers of your drives and which ports they’re connected to. If a drive fails, you’ll want to know exactly which physical drive to replace.
</blockquote>
<span id="understanding-the-output"></span>
==== 3.4 Understanding the Output: ====

* In this case, <code>/dev/sda</code> and <code>/dev/sdc</code> are the two SSDs that comprise the RAID 1 array that Ubuntu Linux Server is installed on.
* <code>sdb</code>, <code>sdd</code>, <code>sde</code>, <code>sdf</code>, and <code>sdg</code> are the hard drives we plugged in.
* The letters go in order of how they’re connected to the motherboard (sometimes).
* Numbers after letters (like <code>sda1</code>) represent partitions

Now you know which drive is which, so let’s set up a ZFS pool.

<span id="step-4-creating-an-encrypted-zfs-pool-with-single-drive-redundancy"></span>